In class Outline

I. Gettysburg Address vs. Pericles
A. Gettysburg Address
1. This speech happens during the American Civil War, which was a right between the Union and the Confederacy. He gives the speech about two thirds way through the war.
2. Now Lincoln is saying, more like asking if the nation will survive through the war. ”Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation or any nation so conceived and so dedicated can long endure.” (http://odur.let.rug.nl/~usa/P/al16/speeches/gettys.htm)
B. Pericles
1. He gave this speech during the Athens and Sparta war. He gave this speech during the beginning of the war.
2. He says that they have done everything they could do for the war. “We have forced every sea and land to be the highway of our daring, and everywhere, whether for evil or for good, have left imperishable monuments behind us.” (http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/pericles-funeralspeech.html)
C. Thesis
1. The Gettysburg address was a more appealing speech to the people and families who have lost someone in their family in the war because, not only is his speech shorter, which would keep people interested, he is clearer and says more about honoring the dead and what they did for the nation, unlike Pericles’ speech witch talks more about Athens and the country then he talks about individual people.
II. Appeals more to the families
A. Gettysburg Address
1. In his speech he says that they need to horror the people who died, and that they will never be forgotten for what they did. “We have come to dedicate a portion of that field as a final resting-place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live.” (http://odur.let.rug.nl/~usa/P/al16/speeches/gettys.htm)
B. Pericles
1. He only touches upon the topic of horning the dead. “Such is the Athens for which these men, in the assertion of their resolve not to lose her, nobly fought and died; and well may every one of their survivors be ready to suffer in her cause.” (http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/pericles-funeralspeech.html) This quote is the very last sentence of the speech.

Who is a Good Guy? A Bad Guy?

As you look through history, you see everywhere that there are good guys and bad guys, heroes, and villains. But what really is considered a good guy, and who are some famous good guys in history. And what about those all famous bad guys, why are they considered so bad?
A good guy is defined as: any person who is on your side, a hero; an all-around pleasant person; usually used in reference to a male. (http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&rls=com.microsoft:en-us:IE-SearchBox&defl=en&q=define:good+guy&ei=emamS5SRDYKglAe-xLmOAQ&sa=X&oi=glossary_definition&ct=title&ved=0CAkQkAE)

This means that they are on the side of good and justice working to make the world a better place, or they are not causing harm to anyone. A bad guy is defined as: any person who is not on your side, a villain. (http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&rls=com.microsoft%3Aen-us%3AIE-SearchBox&q=define%3Abad+guy) This means that they are against the side of justice and are working for the evil side. Usually they do not follow the rules or law of a state or country. Also bad guys usually end up hurting someone at sometime in their life.
When we look very far back into history we see on very famous example of a bad guy: and they are the Vikings. When people first think of Vikings they think of large scary men, wearing helmets with horns attached, first, this is not true, the helmet part at least. The Vikings usually wore leather helmets, the horned helmets were for ceremonial purposes, and most likely the horned helmets died out before the Vikings became such a feared name. Even though the history of the Viking’s helmets may not be true, the fear they installed into people was very much true. ("Viking Helmets - Did Viking Helmets Have Horns." European History The History of Europe. Web. 19 Mar. 2010. .)
The Vikings were commonly referred to as the ship-born warriors, and the traders of Norsemen, which literally mean the men from the North. They were originated from Scandinavia and they raided many coasts from Britain, to Ireland, to the mainland of Europe. They even went as far east as the Volga River in Russia, somewhere between the 8th and the 11th century. This is the period in history that is very commonly referred to as the Viking age. Vikings are famous also for their long ships, which were very long and very advanced in technology for their time period.
The Vikings founded settlements for about three century’s along the coats and rivers of mainland Europe, Ireland, Normandy, Great Britain, the Shetland, Faroe Islands, Orkney, Iceland, Greenland, and Newfoundland circa. They even reached south to North Africa, and east to Russian and Constantinople. Where ever they went as looters, traders, or mercenaries. Later, under the rule of Leif Ericson, who’s heir was Erik the Red, reached North America, and they had many expeditions to what is today Canada, Maine, and southern Massachusetts, which includes Cape Cod during the 10th and 11th century.
The Vikings once created two different types of Viking ships: the Longship and the Knarr. The Longship was created for warfare and exploration, was designed for its speed and agility, and it had oars and sails to make it easy to navigate with, wither there was wind or not. The Knarr was a slower merchant ship that had a larger capacity then the Longship, and it did not have the oars the Longship had. (http://www.themiddleages.net/people/vikings.html)
Though the Vikings seemed to have done so much for the history of the world, they are still considered bad guys because of their raids that caused so many people to end up dying, and they injured many more, trying to get items that were not important and they would not take these item in to the afterlife with them, where I am sure that their many murdered did go with them.


"Viking Helmets - Did Viking Helmets Have Horns." European History The History of Europe. Web. 19 Mar. 2010. http://europeanhistory.about.com/od/thevikings/a/histmyths6.html.
Vikings." Middle Ages - Medieval Resources. Web. 21 Mar. 2010. http://www.themiddleages.net/people/vikings.html.
"Define:bad Guy - Search." Google. Web. 21 Mar. 2010. http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&rls=com.microsoft%3Aen-us%3AIE-SearchBox&q=define%3Abad+guy.
"Define:good Guy - Search." Google. Web. 21 Mar. 2010. http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&rls=com.microsoft:en-us:IE-SearchBox&defl=en&q=define:good+guy&ei=emamS5SRDYKglAe-xLmOAQ&sa=X&oi=glossary_definition&ct=title&ved=0CAkQkAE.

Edward Gibbon and Arnold Toynbee

Edward Gibbon and Arnold Toynbee were both members of Parliament. While Gibbon was a English historian, Toynbee was a British historian. Gibbon was known for his irony in prose, and he looked upon Rome with the greatest respect. He also viewed the fall of Rome as a unavoidable disaster that was due to its great amount of power, and he was very surprised on how long Rome eventually did last. Arnold Toynbee did not like the idea of Christianity and believed that it was a major problem. He believed that the growth and popularity of Christianity caused Rome to eventually fall, and he believed that Rome destroyed itself.

"Arnold Toynbee - Christianity and Civilization." Welcome to MYRIOBIBLOS - The Etext Library of the Church of Greece. Web. 19 Mar. 2010. http://www.myriobiblos.gr/texts/english/toynbee.html

"Medieval Sourcebook: Gibbon: The Fall of the Roman Empire." FORDHAM.EDU. Web. 19 Mar. 2010. http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source

Why are Viking always depicted as wearing those hats with big horns on them?

There is actually no evidence of the Vikings ever wearing such helmets with wings and/or horns on there. Looking back in history we see evidence that their helmets where made of leather. The idea that the Vikings wore helmets came from the Romans and the Greeks calling the Vikings the northerners who wore horns wings and antlers. There is evidence that the there are helmets with horns used as ceremonial purposes, but the idea faded by the time the Vikings came into power.


"Viking Helmets - Did Viking Helmets Have Horns." European History The History of Europe. Web. 19 Mar. 2010. .

What are the Liberal Arts?

Liberal Arts are humanistic discipline: studies intended to provide general knowledge and intellectual skills, Liberal arts are the skills derived from the Classical education curriculum. In other words, Liberal Arts are every subject that does not include Scince, such as math, english, the arts, social studies, ect.

http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&rls=com.microsoft:en-us:IE-SearchBox&defl=en&q=define:liberal+arts&ei=qcmiS_LqMcP_lgeq6OHbCA&sa=X&oi=glossary_definition&ct=title&ved=0CAYQkAE

Icelandic is the language of the Vikings. We will see them attacking Ireland, and a lot of places will become Christianized. The Viking raids happen between the 8th and 11th centers. The Vikings come down the coast, and they never sail out of sight of land because they thought the world was flat. If they died in battle they would meet this one God. Norse men are known as the people from Norway and Sweden. The Edda. The old we poetry, the younger one id known as prose, these were stories.. Made in the 13th century. Eventually the Vikings were also Christianized. Heimskringla is the book of sagas about the kings, written by Snorri Sturluson. Primary Source- the books are not written until the Vikings are Christianized.We are Midgard, to the north is Alfheimr, land of the elves. To the south is Svartafaheim, the land of the black elves. To the East, Jotinheimer, the giants and fire, To the west is Niflheim, land of the ice. Up is Asgard- god's wold, and down is Hel. Like Nioavellir. Across os Ginnungagap- which is a place where no one lives. The runes where the things that they used to tell the future, they used them to consult then they decided what to do, they came from the Yggdrasil is an very important tree.

They came from Scandinavia. They buried people in ships with the goods they would need for the after life. The Viking life was one of survival, it was very cold and difficult to stay alive. Usually the Vikings ran in a town, got something they wanted, and left. But later they started to build a important sjip, the long ship. No one is the king of them.

Edda and Heimskringla

http://www.cybersamurai.net/Mythology/nordic_gods/LegendsSagas/Edda/PoeticEdda/Index.htm#ice
http://omacl.org/Heimskringla/

Submition for Class Blog

A mascot is a person or animal that is adopted by a team or other group as a symbolic figure. The mascot is usually the person that brings the spirit to the crowd, or they are the person, animal, or object that intimidate the other team. This is most likely why people have Viking mascots, to install intimidation into the soul of their opponent. Vikings were very powerful, violent raiders that were also traders, explorers, fisherman, and settlers. The Vikings were also considered warriors because of their extremely developed weapons, and their brutal methods to get territory. People today probably use Vikings as mascots, because they were fierce, strong, and very advanced.


Who Were the Vikings?" The Viking Network. Web. 19 Apr. 2010.http://www.viking.no/e/ewho.htm.

Define:mascot - Search." Google. Web. 19 Apr. 2010. http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&safe=active&pwst=1&rls=com.microsoft:en-us:IE-SearchBox&defl=en&q=define:mascot&ei=hfSgS577AYL58Abc6qCFDQ&sa=X&oi=glossary_definition&ct=title&ved=0CAgQkAE

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2009-0805-JSullivan.jpg

Notes On Kings

Rome was having trouble with the dramatic tribes. The Romans and the tribes were separated by a rive with Romans on one side and the tribes on the other. Romans built a wall called Hadrian's wall to separate them. The Severus dynasty is really the last one, because after Get was a horrible one. This was known as the age of the solider emperors. This is the third cemetery CE. The reason why there are so many emperor is because they are general. Once one comes into power, one fights another. This age does not end until 284. Through this time the dramatic times are pushing the boarders, then comes Diocletian, he alters the Roman government. He comes in and says "this cannot go on". He rules until 305. He decides the best thing is to get a new type of government. Tetrarchy- means rule by four. He puts two guys in charge of the west and two guys in charge of the east. Maxentius and Contentious go to war of the Battle of the Milvian Bridge, and Constantine wins and becomes the sole emperor. He sees a vision of the Chro. He has all the solider paint the Chro on their shields. Him becoming emperor paved the road for Christianity to be legal. He also moves the Capitol of Rome from Italy to Constanople. Today it is the city of Istanbul, Turkey. Rome Is sacked in 476. They will continue sacking Rome. There are two arguments that Rome falls, or the argument that Rome evolves into Europe. The two arguments play out:
1. Early Christianity. One of the first places that it showed was in Egypt. And Greece And Rome.
In early Christianity Jesus was depicted as a boy with a lamb. This is what they used to get their ideas to one another. They used coded language and coded art.

Catacombs are underground caves used as burial vaults. This is where the Christians started meeting because no one goes down there.
Byzantine Empire. This is when Christianity started becoming very well known. By the 1400 the empire is shrunk into almost nothing.
Justinian - when he becomes emperor, he tried to merge the church and state.

Did Rome Fall.

Rome is one of the most famous civilizations of all time, and there is a lot of history that goes with Rome two. Many stories come from there such as the story of Julius Caesar, which we are reading and learning about in English class currently. One of the most important questions to ever come across Rome is a very simple one: Did Rome Really fall?
The definition of the word fall is: To Descend, either suddenly or gradually; particularly, to descend by the force of gravity; to drop. ("Define:fall - Search." Google. Web. 22 Mar. 2010. http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&rls=com.microsoft:en-us:IE-SearchBox&defl=en&q=define:fall&ei=u5qaS7KPCsP48Abll_yWDg&sa=X&oi=glossary_definition) I think that this relates very well to Rome, because as we see by looking into its past, that the fall of Rome did start to descend. Rome did fall in the terms of actually falling, such as an apple falls from a tree, it fell as a government when both the economy of Rome and the barbarian invasions started final downfall of Rome. Some people thing Rome fells because of many things combined such as Christianity, decadence, monetary trouble, and military problems. All of these things contributed to the fall of Rome.
We see that the slow decline of Rome happened over a period of 320 years, which many historians think that it finally culminated on September 4, 476, when Romulus Augustus, who was the last Emperor of the Western Roman Empire, and he was removed from office by Odoacer. Also Julius Nepos, the Emperor recognized by the Eastern Roman Empire, was assassinated in 480. Some other notable dates are the Battle of Adrianople in 378, the death of Theodosius I in 395, and he was the last Roman emperor that was politically unified.
The Decline of the Roman Empire is one of the events marking the end of the Classical Antiquity and was the beginning mark of the middle Ages. But before the fall of Rome there is a lot of History that is inside of Rome. such as the history of Julius Caesar. Gaius Julius Caesar was from 13 of July, 100 BC, to 15 of March, also known as the ides of March, 44 BC. Caesar was a Roman Military and political leader of Rome. He was an important part of the transformation of the roman Republic into the Roman Empire. Caesar was soon to be an Emperor before he was killed by his so called friends. Most of the people involved in the conspiracy of Julius Caesar were in it because they were jealous of his advances and worried what Rome would come to if he became the king. Only one of his friends that did it for the good of Rome was Brutus. Brutus did it because he truly thought that if Julius Caesar became the king, Rome would fall, but it ends up that killing him was the fall of Rome. Caesar was on his way to the Capitol to receive the crown for the kingship of Rome, after many warnings that going could be his death and was a very bad idea, when his “friends” meet him there. They started talking and then they stabbed him that is where the term stabbed in the back comes from. After he died, many of the people we worried that it would be the end of Rome. Some were right, not too soon after, the Roman republic was turned into the Roman Empire, and soon after that the Roman Empire started to fall. The story of Julius Caesar was a very important part of history that most of the people in the world know about. It has been written about many time, for example Shakespeare wrote a book about it.
The history of the fall of Rome is everywhere in the history book, so people relate that the fall of Rome started when the Death of Caesar started, others think that it was because of different circumstances. Either way you look at the fall of Rome you see that it was a very detrimental part of history, and it will never be forgotten; it will always be a part of history that will be told in school all around the world. (http://ancienthistory.about.com/cs/romefallarticles/a/fallofrome.htm)



"Fall of Rome - The Fall of Rome Marked the End of the Roman Empire." Ancient / Classical History - Ancient Greece & Rome & Classics Research Guide. Web. 22 Mar. 2010. http://ancienthistory.about.com/od/fallofrome/a/EndofRome.htm>.
a href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&rls=com.microsoft:en-us:IE-SearchBox&defl=en&q=define:fall&ei=u5qaS7KPCsP48Abll_yWDg&sa=X&oi=glossary_definition&ct=title&ved=0CAYQkAE">http://www.google.com/search?
"Some of this information is from what I have learned in English class, from Mrs. Zurkowski, and the book Julius Caesar by Shakespeare. " (I am not sure if this is considered a source, but I thought I should include it anyway.)

Early Christian and Byzantine

Early Christian and Byzantine portraiture represent both a continuation of and a break from the past. Byzantine art and Christian art were both influenced by Rome. Byzantine are was founded around the time of the fifth and sixth century, and their art reflects the differences between the Roman Catholic religion. There was not much sculpturing involved in either the Byzantine or Christian art. Also the portraits of the Fayum were paintings on wooden boards that were attached to mummies from Roman Egypt.

"Byzantine Art." Web. 12 Mar. 2010. http://www.historylink101.com/lessons/art_history_lessons/ma/byzantine_art.htm.

"Early Christian Art." Web. 12 Mar. 2010. http://www.huntfor.com/arthistory/medieval/earlychristian.htm.

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Alexios_Apokaukos.jpg

Who was Augustine of Hippo?

Augustine of Hippo was from November 13, 354 – August 28, 430. Augustine was a philosopher whose philosophy infused Christian doctrine with Neoplatonism. He was also the first philosopher to have an argument by an analogy for example "here are bodies external to mine that behave as I behave and that appear to be nourished as mine is nourished; so, by analogy, I am justified in believing that these bodies have a similar mental life to mine."


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augustine_of_Hippo
; http://www.iep.utm.edu/augustin/

Pitcures

All the places are here.

temple of Mars Ultor

temple of Saturn

temple of Castor

theater of Pompey

temples of Minerva

temple on the Capitoline

Lupercal

Chalcidicum
temple of Apollo

Julios

Note for Rome

Participate is the first period of the roman empire. When you see someone not wearing shoes it mean they are a got. A dolphin means Venus. Army's have flags because you know what side is yours. The Roman empire was expert at propaganda. Prime porta is the name o f the statue.
Augustus dies in the year of 14 Coe and Tiberius is his heir, Augustus did not leave an heir. His wife had a son from a preface marriage. Tiberius kept the peace for the most part, but e himself was cruel for the most part. Caligula was a nut and loved his sister, and for fun he had people murdered, and he tried to have his hoarse named a senator, and he was assigned and replaced by Claudius, he was strange, deformed and anti social, he was a decent emperor, and he did not want to be the emperor and was followed by Nero, he was also a nut case, and he burdened down a part of Rome and blamed it on the Christens, he burdened it down because he wanted it to be a park, He put a castle named the golden house, and later he was conversed to summit suicide. Vespasian was an old military general and did not take any bull shit, and he thought that Nero was a nut, he wanted to run everything like military, and when roman emperors died they were turned into states gods, and they would build a temple and once a year they would collect taxes. On his death bed he says "it appears that I am about to become a God" Titus does two things of interest. First he completes the Vespasian amphitheatre (coliseum) also he had a great arch dedicated to him. ON the inside of the arch it says something gin Latin, and there a picture. Titus dies and the roman love him and he is replaced by Domitian is a tough guy and builds a bath complex and many other thing. And he is assainated and replaced by Nerva. Nerva(96-98)T rajan (98-177) Hadrian (117-138) Antoninus Pius (138-161) Marcus Aurelius (161-180). They were called the good emperors. Nerva is the first of the Good emperors and one of the most important thing he does is chose who his heir is then just having it as a blood relative. He picks Trajan is a military person and starts a campaign. And on top of the column is the story of the solders, and there are two libraries where you can read it. And he expand the emperor more and gets to the heir if Hadrian he was a acutest a stage man a writer and world traveler, and he was also the first roman emporia not to be for Italy, he was from Greece.

Octavian and Julio-Claudian notes.

Octavian was the nephew do Julius Caesar, and was named his heir. In someone's will, you can adopt people, and Julius adopts him as his son. Octavian and Antony forma alliance. (triumvirate: Octavian, Mark Antony, Lepidus) they split up the world of Rome amongst themselves. Octavian gets west from Italy over, Antony gets from Greece to Egypt, and Lepidus takes the east. Actium is the place were the battle took place. Marcus Agrippa defeat Antony and Cleopatra. Antony commits suicide, Cleopatra lets a venomous snake poison her. Octavian becomes the sole power in Rome. Honored by the senate and becomes Augustus. He becomes the first king of Rome, and the republic is over. He is the first of the Julio-Claudian dynasty. Augustus, Tiberius, Caligula, Claudius, and Nero. After Octavian died, the rest of the kings were not very good.

five "thanks" to teacher who taught you something critically important.

1. Mrs. Cordell taught me how to multiply exponents.

2. She also taught me how to get along with people.

3. She taught me that character is what you do when no one is watching.

4. She taught me how to be polite.

5. She taught me algebra.
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Thank_you.jpg

Note About Rome Continued.

Villas were like country houses with artwork everywhere that was well adorned. The roman elite were the riches people. And they were ruled by Julius Caesar. The plebeians lived in Subura. It was a very tightly pack neighborhood. The Gracchi brothers were Tiberius and Gaius were a pair of tribunes in the 2nd century BC who were assigned, and that was the beginning of the bloody century. The social war takes place at the beginning of the 1st century. Many things happen like we see a great build up of troops and loyalty. The first civil war was between Marius and Sulla Marius defends Rome, and his army is not match, so Sulla win and Marius has to flee Rome. These are examples that Julius Caesar will look to them as precedent. The most dominate person was Gaius Julius Caesar. He was from a family called the Julii. Caesar decided that he wants to relive the glory of his family, so he runs for senate, consol. There are two and they are equivalent to prime minister. After the consol term was over, they were sent out to be like a governor. Romance language (French, Romanian, Spanish…)s relates back to some of the Roman province. Each derides back from the language Latin. The Opulares and the Populares are aristocrats, Caesar is the Populares and he wins, a lot of the senators do not like that, so they go out of their way to make his life miserable. They send Caesar to Gull, which was the middle of no where. The Celtic tribes were like warrior people. Asterix and Obelix. When Caesar goes to gull, he sets out to conquer Gull, and the city of Paris was found by the Romans, and they left marks do their conquest. Back in Rome the senators, Caesar is writing letters to the senators about what he is doing in Gull. Then once his years are up, then the senators send something that tells him what he did was illegal, and they request him to come back to go on trial. Caesar has to choices, go through the court and most likely end up in jail, or bring his army into Italy and start a Civil war. He crosses the river and says the Die had been cast, when the senator find that his army is coming they freak out. Pompey becomes like the hero of the senate, with one side lead by Caesar and other lead by Pompey. They start to fight and the final battle occurs in Pharsalus, and that is the battle that decided the winner between Caesar and Pompey. Caesar's second in command is Mark Anthony. Pompey runs ands goes to Egypt and when he get there he was assonated d by chopping off his head, Caesar said that it was a sign of disrespect. He had an affair with Cleopatra and Egypt is allied with Rome, and when he goes back to Rome, he is named dictator for life. As he gets more and more powerful, the senator plot to kill Caesar. Among them is Brutus, and he ends up betraying him.

Was Rome better off as an 'empire' than as a republic

In my opinion I think that Rome was better as a republic because, while the senators were plotting to make Caesar king, they ended up murdering him, and that was very bad for the future. If the state would of just stayed with the republic, i think they may of been better off also because, after the king scare happened, the empire ended up falling.


http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:RomaArcoGianoCostantino1.JPG

What's so Ancient About Rome?

What's So "Ancient" About Rome? Well, according to the dictionary definition of ancient, it means: “belonging to times long past especially of the historical period before the fall of the Western Roman Empire”. Rome is one of the oldest most historical sites, and all of its history is what makes Rome "so ancient"
Rome today is the Capitol of Italy, and it is the country’s most populated central area in that region, with a population do over 2.7 million people in about 1,285 kilometers squared. Rome was founded in the year of 753 BC and, according to the legend; it was founded by two twin boys who were named Romulus and Remus. The city is named so because Romulus killed his brother Remus, and named the city after himself. When the two twins where little, the old king of was afraid that either one of the twins would take over and become the king, so he ordered them to be drowned, but they were saved by a she-wolf, which is a shepherd’s wife. When they grew up, they could not decide who would be the leader and king of Rome, which is what leads Romulus to kill Remus. Later, in about the year of 509 BC, Rome established a Republic. This happened after the last of the seven kings of Rome was deposed. After that, Rome made a constitution, a set of checks and balances, and a separation of Powers.
In the normal roman households lived families, most of which include the head of the house, which is usually the father, his wife, children, and any other relatives. With the people who were lucky enough to own money, in the households there were also slaves and servants. In the household the Head of the house made all the decisions including that he could force marriage, could force divorce, could sell his children into slavery, claim his dependents property as his own, or even have the choice to punish or kill his own family members, but that law was demolished after the first century. When I son gets old enough to become the head of the house, he cannot truly be the head of the house until the current head dies.
Rome stayed very strong for a long time and it flourished because of social, economic, political, military and religious strengths. The Rome began to fall. The first reason that Rome started to fall was because the economy started to decay because the rulers of Rome had a very expensive lifestyle. To pay for their life style they had to tax the poor people, and in the response to the sudden taxation, the poor people went to the barbaric lands, and the poor people made up a very large percent of the Roman Population. After the poor left, Rome’s gold and silver stared draining, and because of the sudden loss of silver the value of the money stared to decrease. Because of this Rome made a new law that said if a poor person could not pay the tax, the tax collector would pay the rest; but this did work well because it wiped out the whole moderately wealthy people. Another reason that Rome started to fall was because of the Political issues. That means that the citizen no longer we patriotic and only the wealthy could pay to run for office because it was too expensive. Over all Rome stared to fall because of the same factors that caused it to flourish, politics, military, and religious strengths.
In conclusion, I think that we consider Rome ancient because it lived so long ago, and it was a very important part of history, without Rome, I do not know if we would have a republic these days. Also it is considered Ancient because it lasted so long, and because of the definition, it was alive and well before the downfall of Rome, and that is because it was Rome.


"WikiAnswers - When Was Rome Founded." WikiAnswers - The Q&A Wiki. Web. 06 Mar. 2010. .

"Rome Travel Information and Travel Guide - Italy - Lonely Planet." Lonely Planet Travel Guides and Travel Information. Web. 06 Mar. 2010. .


http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tavares.Forum.Romanum.redux.jpg

Picture

In my house we have an archway, which seems to have been influenced by the Roman Arctutecture, Also we have colums in our house that are also influenced by the Romans, but they are not in this picture.

What were roman additudes towards women and children when the twelve tables were written.

Romans had bad attitude toward children and women. They treated them unfairly and as if they were property and you can see these examples in the twelve tables. Women and children were not treated correctly during the Roman times.
In the twelve tables they would use the pronoun he which meant they were sexist and put men before women. To the Romans women were not people they were property. Women did not gain respect and they were treated as the husband's daughter not as an adult. Women are not allowed to cry at a funeral.
Children were not even treated as humans. The Romans thought that children's lives were not sacred because if a child was deformed they would then be put to death.They would also sell their children which is not fair is not fair to the children.


"THE TWELVE TABLES." California State University, Northridge. Web. 05 Mar. 2010. .
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Codex_Iustiniani_Meynier_Louvre_INV20092.jpg

What elements of the Roman Republican political and legal system appear present in the systems of modern democracies?

The elements of the Roman Republican and legal system that appeared in modern democracies is that back then and now days they both have voting system. Voting appears in history from the 17 century to the present day. Voting is very important and helps us chose the leaders that we think will correctly run the country. Without voting we would have to leave the voting up to the people in the government, and the government would most likely not choose what the people of the country want.




http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/government/democracy.htm
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Swiss_vote.svg

Review for Class

In this class I like the idea of using computer and siting in a semi-circle. Also I like the idea of no test. The things that I sometimes have trouble with is the dailies. Sometime I am so busy that I do not have time to do them each day because I am doing two different sports, so sometimes I find it easier to do them on Friday. Another thing that I sometimes have trouble with is taking notes. Sometimes I don't catch things that the teacher says, so I have to ask people for their notes, for the things that I do not hear or understand.

Notes for Rome

Rome was the first real empire
Trojans escaped an led by a worrier named Aeneas with his father and son. HE and the Trojans left Troy to a place called Carthage. He falls in love with the queen, but god tells him not to marry her, and that he should live in Italy. Then a war starts but the Trojans win. His son says up the capitol of Alba Longa at the center are the Trojans. Later it was conquered by twin brothers, and banded to be raised by a she wolf. The image of then and the wolf is very important part of Rome. When the twins grew up the started a war against each other. Romulus won and created Rome. Over the next 300 years Rome develops into the strongest and best city there is. It keep on expanding. The new governor of Rome started to take taxes and follow some rules. There was never peace between Rome and Carthage. 264- 146 BC are the Punic wars. During that time they were the biggest wars to take place.

1. Aeneas/ Trojans defeat Latium
2. Alba Longa
3. Romulus and Remus/ Founding of Rome in 753 BCE

4. Expulsion of the Etruscan Kings/ Establishment of the Roman Republic 6th cent.

Tarquin, the Proud
Tarquin the Sixth rapes Lucretia
Lucretia kills herself because she was raped.

Lucius Junius Brutus led the Romans to kick out the kings and found the Roman republic. The roman republic was founded in 509 BCE.

5. Struggle of the Orders/ Tribune of the Plebs.
6. Roman Expansion/ Pyrrhus

7. The 1st Punic War

Thucydides, Thucydides, and Livy

Herodotus- was an ancient Greek historian who lived in the 5Th century BC. He is known as the Father of history in the Western cultures. He was the first historian known to collect his leanings, and test them. He also include narrative accounts on his pieces. He wrote many books about the people the Persian conquered, fairy tales gossip, and legends.

Thucydides- was a Greek historian and author of the History of the Peloponnesian War. This was the war between Sparta and Athens in 411 BC. He has been called the father of scientific history, because of his strict standers of gathering information and cause and effect.

Livy- In English, his name is Titus Levies. He was a Roman historian who wrote history about Rome and the Roman people. His book "Chapters from the Foundation of the City," which covers the earliest years in Rome when all the legends are.
Livy was close with the Julio-Claudian family. Later advised Augustus's nephew, the future emperor Claudius, to take up the writing of history.


(http://www.timelineindex.com/content/view/2179)
http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Thucydides.aspx.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d3/Herodotus_Massimo_Inv124478.jpg
"Herodotus of Halicarnassus." Livius. Articles on Ancient History. Web. 03 Mar. 2010.
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Titus_Livius.jpg
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Thucydides-bust-cutout_ROM.jpg

Notes for Hannibal

First Punic war was a war over the trade routes
Hannibal would be the greatest threat Rome has ever seen
2nd Punic war starts with an invasion
Hannibal starts his invasion by crossing through Spain
Hannibal brought his troops and a bunch of elephants
Hannibal's plan was to circle the Romans and close them in
Hannibal when he was little, was brought up to dislike the Romans, Even hate.
Scipio Africans was the general who defeated Hannibal at the last battle of the Punic war. 
"The battle of Soma"
" Cato the Elder was a Roman statesman
Son of Scipio was Scipio Africans Aim"

Ntes on Alexander

Alexander the great was born to masidon.
He had one eye, when he was 19 is father was killed and he took the throne.
First thing he did was get revenge on the assassins.
Then he decides to invade Persia, by the end of this story, he conquers the entire known world.
1. First he goes to Troy, then he lands on the shore, he takes his spear and throws it at the shore "by this spear I claim Persia"
2. He winds up in Gordian, a town on the coast of Turkey, and there is a legend that if you can figure out and undo the Gordian Knot, you will conquer the world. So he slashed it and the knot came undone.
3. The oracle declares that he is the son of Zeus (Amon), un the Swiss Oasis. So he heads back across the desert and he is ready for war.
4. In 333BC Alexander met the kind of Persia on the battle field

Note on Eygupt and Greese

Mortuary sins-
Death is the most important thing for Egyptians
Great Pyramids- old kingdom
Neolithic-7000-4500 B.C.
Southern part of Egypt was upper side and same with north because the Nile flows that way
You'll no your looking @ a reel statue when there is no space between legs
We get the Great Pyramids of Giza
Pharaoh was like divinity, top glowed white
Slaves may or may not have been used to make pyramids
Mortuary Cities- only reason Giza existed was because of the dead pharaohs
Death is the most important thing in Egyptian culture
Hieroglyphs show the pronunciation of the word and something that has to do with that word
Greece
Music:
Tehy had alot of peotry in insturments
Greece is on the Mediterranean.
Athens. Peninsula is where the ancient city of Sparta is.
Modern day Turkey, Anatolia.

Notes on Stone Age

Stone age
- They were nomads
- This is the time when artwork was invented
- They did not know how to domesticate things yet
- The first city was Jericho
- The main reason is because it is near water
- The started trading food for animals, trade was the first thing to develop when you start a city.
- Then government and laws started to develop.
- Started in Jericho then it expanded.
- n the city of Ur there was a ziggurat (maybe a temple)

Notes on Time Lines

Beginning point of timeline on left
It works as a ray going tight
• Linear history

Other types of history
• Cyclic history
        ○ A theory which dictates that the major forces that motivate human actions return in a cycle.
        ○ It’s a cycle you keep being born
• Hegel history
        ○ German philosopher

Imagine you are a Roman in the year 264 BCE

If I was a roman in the year 264 BC in the year of the First Punic war I would feel very safe. That is because I know that we are the most powerful army because we have the most people. But when people would start to talk about the Punic war, I would get very nervous. Before the War, my future would look bright because I would be part of the ruling area, but after the War, I would not know what my future looked like because I know that we are no longer in The rule, our army was beaten. Today my future is very bright, because of my family and living in the United States I can do anything I want when I grow up.

Hannibal Barca (248-183 BC) was the son of Hamilcar Barca, Hannibal married a princess. His earliest commands were given to him in the Carthaginian province his son-in-law Hasdrubal. Hannibal led Carthage against the Romans in the battles during the Punic wars, and in the second Punic War (218-202 BC) Hannibal led his army and some elephants over the Alps, and attacked the Romans. The Romans were not able to stop Hannibal, So they took the war to Spain. Hannibal was defeated at the last battle of the Punic war by Zama.


"Hannibal (Carthaginian General [247-183 BC]) :: Early Life -- Britannica Online Encyclopedia." Encyclopedia - Britannica Online Encyclopedia. Web. 01 Mar.
2010. .

web. 01 Mar 2010. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/53/Hannibal.jpg